Economic Life in Jerusalem under Israeli Occupation (1948 - 1990)
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study aims to shed light on the economic conditions in Jerusalem, focusing on the circumstances of Palestinian residents and the pressures they face from Israel. These pressures include the confiscation of lands and the creation of laws by the Israeli government to justify and legitimize these actions. The study also highlights the resilience of Jerusalemites in clinging to their lands and properties despite the Israeli government’s tactics and efforts to Judaize the city. The study employs an analytical historical research methodology, gathering relevant sources and references such as Aref al-Aref’s History of Jerusalem, Samir Jiriss’ Jerusalem: Zionist Plans, Occupation, and Judaization, and Kate Maguire’s Judaizing Jerusalem: Israeli Steps to Seize Jerusalem, among others listed in the bibliography at the end of this research. These sources were then analyzed using a historical and scientific approach. This research affirms the legitimate and existential right of Jerusalemites to their properties, whether land or real estate, and their steadfastness in the face of Israeli challenges, including land and property confiscations, increased and diversified taxes, and arbitrary tax collection methods. It also highlights their resistance to the Judaization efforts undertaken by the Israeli government in Jerusalem. Since the Israeli occupation, Jerusalem has suffered from demographic and existential pressures on its Palestinian residents. Despite the relative resilience of Jerusalemites in the face of these pressures, the city has been subjected to continuous land confiscation and Judaization due to the expansion of Israeli settlements, both in the city center and its neighborhoods. Nevertheless, Jerusalem and its inhabitants remain a major center of Palestinian, Arab, and international resistance. The role of Arab and international aid in supporting Jerusalemites to hold onto their land and properties cannot be overlooked.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This open-access article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license.
You are free to: Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format. Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms: Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
No additional restrictions You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
How to Cite
Share
References
‘Abd al-Karim, I. (2000). Al-mukhatatat al-haykaliyya al-Isra’iliyya li-tahwid al-Quds [Israeli structural plans for the Judaization of Jerusalem]. Arab Affairs Journal, 102.
Abd al-Haqq, Y. (1991). Ma‘alim al-siyasa al-iqtisadiyya al-Isra’iliyya [Features of Israeli economic policy]. Samid Economic Journal, 85.
Abu Jaber, I., et al., al-Hamad, J., & Sam’an, S. (1997). Qadiyyat al-Quds wa mustaqbaluha [The Issue and Future of Jerusalem]. Middle East Studies Center.
Al-‘Aref, A. (1951). Tarikh al-Quds [History of Jerusalem] (2nd ed.). Dar al-Ma‘arif.
Al-Daqqaq, I. (1992). Al-Quds: Al-madina wa al-mā‘ash [Jerusalem: The city and livelihood]. In Kitab Yawm al-Quds (3rd symposium). Amman.
Al-Hout, B. N. (2000). Al-Quds hiya al-qadiyya [Jerusalem is the cause]. Arab Future Journal, 253.
Al-Khalafat, L., & Haider, A. S. (2022). A Corpus-Assisted Translation Study of Strategies Used in Rendering Culture-Bound Expressions in the Speeches of King Abdullah II. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 12(1), 130-142. doi:https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1201.16
Al-Khatib, R. (1986). Sharikat kahraba muhafazat al-Quds al-‘Arabiyya muhaddadah bi-l-tasfiyah wa al-tahdid [Jerusalem Electricity Company threatened with liquidation]. Al-Quds al-Sharif Journal, 11.
Al-Khatib, S. J. (2001). Al-Quds al-‘Arabiyya: Thalathun ‘āman min al-tahwid wa al-tahaddi [Arab Jerusalem: Thirty years of Judaization and challenge] (1st ed.). Majdalawi Publishing.
Al-Qadi, A. (1994). Al-Quds: Bayna waqi‘ al-ihtilal wa mustaqbal al-tanmiyya [Jerusalem: Between occupation and the future of development]. Samid Economic Journal, 95.
Al-Sawahri, K. (1982). Al-khutta al-sahyuniyya li-tahwid al-Quds al-‘Arabiyya [The Zionist plan to Judaize Arab Jerusalem]. Arab Affairs Journal, 19.
Al-Shuaibi, I. (1991). Al-tatawurat al-masrifiyya fi al-aradi al-muhtala [Banking Developments in the Occupied Territories]. Samid Economic Journal, 73.
Al-Zarro, N. (1991). Al-Quds bayna mukhatatat al-tahwid al-sahyuniyya wa masirat al-nidal wa al-tasaddi al-filastiniyya [Jerusalem between Zionist Judaization plans and Palestinian resistance] (1st ed.). Al-Khawaja Publishing.
Asir, Arab Scientific Institute for Research and Technology Transfer. (1988). Mushkilat tamwil al-fa‘aliyyat al-sina‘iyya fi al-aradi al-muhtalla [Financing industrial activities in the occupied Palestinian territories]. Samid Economic Journal, 73.
Barhoum, M. ‘I. (1995). Surat al-‘Arab fi nathr al-sahyuniyyin wa al-Isra’ilin [The image of Arabs in Zionist and Israeli discourse]. Arab Future Journal, 198.
General Secretariat of the Jordanian–Palestinian Joint Committee. (1988). Al-musta‘marat al-Isra’iliyya dakhil Filastin al-muhtalla 1967 [Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territories 1967]. Al-Quds al-Sharif Journal, 43.
Haider, A. S. (2016a). Conflicts as causes to change news foci: Frequency analysis for Asharq Al-Awsat and Al-Khaleej newspapers before and after the Arab Spring. International Journal of English Language and Linguistics Research, 4(7), 18-45.
Haider, A. S. (2016b). A corpus-assisted critical discourse analysis of the representation of Qaddafi in media: Evidence from Asharq Al-Awsat and Al-Khaleej newspapers. International Journal of Linguistics and Communication, 4(2), 11-29.
Haider, A. S. (2017). Frequency Analysis as a way of uncovering news foci: Evidence from the Guardian and the New York Times. International Journal of English Linguistics, 7(2), 1-20.
Haider, A. S. (2019). The representation of Al-Megrahi’s release in Arabic and English newspapers in 2009 and 2010: A corpus-assisted discourse study. Dirasat, Human and Social Sciences, 46(1 Supplement 2), 297-317. doi:https://doi.org/10.35516/0103-046-986-019
Haider, A. S. (2019a). Syrian-Lebanese Relations: A Corpus-based Critical Discourse Analysis of Bashar Al-Assad’s Speeches and Interviews. Dirasat, Human Social Sciences, 46(4), 551-570. doi:https://doi.org/10.35516/0103-046-004-040
Haider, A. S. (2019b). Using corpus linguistic techniques in (critical) discourse studies reduces but does not remove bias: Evidence from an Arabic corpus about refugees. Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics, 55(1), 89-133. doi:https://doi.org/10.1515/psicl-2019-0004
Haider, A. S., & Hussein, R. F. (2020). Analysing headlines as a way of downsizing news corpora: Evidence from an Arabic–English comparable corpus of newspaper articles. Digital Scholarship in the Humanities, 35(4), 826-844. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqz074
Haider, A. S., Ahmad, A., Yagi, S., & Hammo, B. H. (2023). The influence of audience on the topics discussed by King Abdullah II of Jordan: a corpus-assisted discourse study. Contemporary Levant, 1-21. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/20581831.2023.2241005
Hushan, M. (1983). Hajirah li–Yerushalayim aw minha [Migration to and from Jerusalem]. Jerusalem Institute for Israeli Studies.
Jiriss, S. (1981). Al-Quds: Al-mukhatatat al-sahyuniyya al-ihtilal al-tahwid [Jerusalem: Zionist plans, occupation, Judaization] (1st ed.). Institute for Palestine Studies.
Maguire, K. (1981). Tahwid al-Quds: Al-khutuwat al-Isra’iliyyah lil-isti’la’ ‘ala al-Quds [Judaizing Jerusalem: Israeli steps to seize Jerusalem]. Dar al-Afaq al-Jadida & Center for Arab Studies.
Sha‘th, S. (1988). Al-Quds al-sharif [Holy Jerusalem]. Babel Publishing.
Shmelts, U. (1977). Birkim bi-jughrafiyyat ha-hishtitut [Chapters in settlement geography] (Vol. 2). Ministry of Defense Publications.
Shu‘ban, ‘A. H. (2000). Al-‘uqubat al-iqtisadiyya wa huquq al-insan [Economic sanctions and human rights]. Arab Future Journal, 251.
Shufani, I. (1978). Mashari‘ al-taswiyah [Settlement projects]. Institute for Palestine Studies.
Smadi, H., Obeidat, M., & Haider, A. S. (2022). Paratextual (re) framing of media coverage of Christchurch Mosque Shootings: A translation-oriented study. Cogent Social Sciences, 8(1). doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2022.2029251
UNCTAD & ESCWA Secretariat. (1988). Al-mu’assasat al-maliyya al-filastiniyya wa dawru al-bunuk al-Isra’iliyya fi al-aradi al-muhtalla [Palestinian financial institutions and the role of Israeli banks in the occupied territories]. Samid Economic Journal, 73.
HRinfo. (n.d.). Palestine – JCSER. http://www.hrinfo.net/palestine/jcser/2006-2007
State Information Service – Palestine. (n.d.). http://www.sis.gov.ps/arabic/roya/3/page13.html