The regulatory framework for the protection of whistleblowers, witnesses, experts, and their equivalents in corruption cases: The Saudi system as a model
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Abstract
The study aimed to examine the forms and legitimacy of cooperation with criminal justice agencies in corruption cases, the regulatory framework for integrity protection and anti-corruption efforts, and the guarantees of criminal protection for whistleblowers, witnesses, experts, and their equivalents in corruption cases under the Saudi legal system. The study adopted a descriptive-analytical approach, analyzing texts related to the regulatory frameworks for the protection of whistleblowers, witnesses, experts, and their equivalents in corruption cases, with the Saudi system as a model, aiming to achieve the study's intended results. The study reached several findings, the most significant of which include: the issuance of a specific Saudi legal system dedicated to the protection of whistleblowers, witnesses, experts, victims, and their equivalents; the Saudi system’s focus on identifying the authority responsible for receiving reports, addressing issues related to testimony and expertise, and ensuring all procedures necessary to guarantee their proper submission, accuracy, and full protection for those involved; and the establishment of specialized anti-corruption divisions within the Public Prosecution, tasked with investigating and prosecuting corruption cases, which operate under the direct supervision of the Attorney General. The study introduced several recommendations, the most notable of which include: urging all Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries to benefit from the Saudi experience in uncovering and controlling corruption cases; establishing a dedicated legal system for the protection of whistleblowers, witnesses, experts, and their equivalents; and highlighting the importance of assigning financial rewards to whistleblowers, witnesses, experts, and their equivalents who cooperate with justice agencies.
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